Toyota RAV4 vs Volvo XC90: Specs Compared

Running cost over five years: at the EPA's 15,000-mile-a-year assumption the Toyota RAV4 burns about $1,450 of fuel annually against $2,800 for the Volvo XC90. That $1,350 yearly gap compounds to roughly $6,750 over five years and $10,800 over eight — often more than the price difference between two trims of the same vehicle, and the single largest running-cost line item separating these two.

City and highway economy: the Toyota RAV4 leads in both cycles — 47 mpg city and 40 mpg highway against 26 and 30 mpg — so its fuel-efficiency advantage holds whether you commute in traffic or cover long highway miles.

Powertrain choice: the Toyota RAV4 is recorded with 4 distinct engine configurations (SIDI & PFI; Hybrid, SIDI & PFI, SIDI & PFI; with Stop-Start), the Volvo XC90 with 4 (SIDI; Mild Hybrid, SIDI; PHEV, 2.0). Across 72 recorded Toyota RAV4 configurations and 43 for the Volvo XC90, the wider the engine spread the more the real-world fuel efficiency depends on which version you actually buy, so check the specific model year and drivetrain rather than the headline number.

Drivetrain and class: the Toyota RAV4 is offered with Front-Wheel Drive, All-Wheel Drive, the Volvo XC90 with All-Wheel Drive, Front-Wheel Drive. All-wheel drive typically costs one to two mpg combined against the same vehicle in front- or rear-wheel drive, which is worth remembering when the gap between these two is small. The EPA classes them as Small Sport Utility Vehicle 4WD and Standard Sport Utility Vehicle 4WD respectively — the class drives the interior volume, cargo space and passenger space each one is measured against.

Tailpipe emissions: at their cleanest configurations the Toyota RAV4 emits 72 g/mile of CO2 versus 131 g/mile for the Volvo XC90. Emissions track fuel consumption almost exactly, so the cleaner vehicle here is also the cheaper one to fuel.